Monday, October 20, 2008

Veracity of Tabari's Islamic History - 26



S Turkman wrote:

Its possible that Hzt. Amir Moo-Aawiyah may have added some verses in Qoraan to suit himself later, before Qoraan was compiled by Hzt. Osman (Othman) because his handwritting was basically the proof that those verses were legitimate part of God's own words.

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Dear Sir,

Lets just assume you are right then what we would do about the verses below:


أَفَلاَ يَتَدَبَّرُونَ الْقُرْءَانَ وَلَوْ كَانَ مِنْ عِندِ غَيْرِ اللَّهِ لَوَجَدُواْ فِيهِ اخْتِلَـفاً كَثِيراً


Will they not then ponder on the Qur'an? If it had been from other than Allah they would have found therein much incongruity. [AN-NISA (WOMEN) Chapter 4 Verse 82]


قُل لَّئِنِ اجْتَمَعَتِ الإِنسُ وَالْجِنُّ عَلَى أَن يَأْتُواْ بِمِثْلِ هَـذَا الْقُرْءَانِ لاَ يَأْتُونَ بِمِثْلِهِ وَلَوْ كَانَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ ظَهِيرًا


Say: Verily, though mankind and the jinn should assemble to produce the like of this Qur'an, they could not produce the like thereof though they were helpers one of another. [AL-ISRA (ISRA', THE NIGHT JOURNEY, CHILDREN OF ISRAEL) Chapter 17 - Verse 88]


إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا الذِّكْرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُ لَحَـفِظُونَ


Lo! We, even We, reveal the Reminder, and lo! We verily are its Guardian. [AL-HIJR (AL-HIJR, STONELAND, ROCK CITY) Chapter 15 - Verse 9]

Minor Interpretation:


Allah, may He be exalted, stated that He is the One Who revealed the Dhikr to him, which is the Qur'an, and He is protecting it from being changed or altered.

لاَ تُحَرِّكْ بِهِ لِسَانَكَ لِتَعْجَلَ بِهِ - إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا جَمْعَهُ وَقُرْءَانَهُ - فَإِذَا قَرَأْنَـهُ فَاتَّبِعْ قُرْءَانَهُ - ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا بَيَانَهُ


English Translation:

Stir not thy tongue herewith to hasten it. Lo! upon Us (resteth) the putting together thereof and the reading thereof. And when We read it, follow thou the reading; Then lo! upon Us (resteth) the explanation thereof. [AL-QIYAMA (THE RISING OF THE DEAD, RESURRECTION) Chapter 75 - Verse 16, 17, 18, 19]

Minor Interpretation:

This is Allah teaching His Messenger how to receive the revelation from the angel. For verily, he (the Prophet ) was rushing in his attempts to grasp the revelation and he would be reciting the revelation with the angel while he was reciting it. Therefore, Allah commanded him that when the angel brings some revelation to him he should just listen. Allah would make sure to collect it in his chest, and He would make it easy for him to recite it in the same way that it was revealed to him. Allah would explain it, interpret it and clarify it for him. So the first phase was gathering it in his chest, the second phase was recitation and the third phase was its explanation and clarification of its meaning. Thus, Allah says,


لاَ تُحَرِّكْ بِهِ لِسَانَكَ لِتَعْجَلَ بِهِ


(Move not your tongue concerning to make haste therewith.) meaning, with the Qur'an. This is as Allah says,

وَلاَ تَعْجَلْ بِالْقُرْءانِ مِن قَبْلِ إَن يُقْضَى إِلَيْكَ وَحْيُهُ وَقُل رَّبِّ زِدْنِى عِلْماً


(And be not in haste with the Qur'an before its revelation is completed to you, and say: "My Lord! Increase me in knowledge.'') (20:114) Then Allah says,


إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا جَمْعَهُ

(It is for Us to collect it) meaning, `in your chest.'


وَقُرْءَانَهُ


(and that it be recited.) meaning, `that you recite it.'


فَإِذَا قَرَأْنَـهُ


(And when We have recited it to you,) meaning, `when the angel has recited it to you from Allah,'


فَاتَّبِعْ قُرْءَانَهُ


(then follow its recitation.) meaning, `listen to it then recite it as he taught you to recite it.'
ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا بَيَانَهُ





(Then it is for Us to make it clear.) meaning, `after memorizing it and reciting it, We will explain it to you, clarify it and inspire you with its meaning according to what We intended and legislated.' Imam Ahmad recorded from Ibn `Abbas that he said that the Messenger of Allah used to struggle very hard to grasp the revelation and he used to move his lips (rapidly with the recitation). The narrator, Sa`id, then said, "Ibn `Abbas said to me, `I will move my lips like the Messenger of Allah used to move his lips (in order to show you).''' Then, the subnarrator said, "And Sa`id said to me, `I will move my lips like I saw Ibn `Abbas moving his lips (in order to show you).''' Then Allah revealed,



لاَ تُحَرِّكْ بِهِ لِسَانَكَ لِتَعْجَلَ بِهِ - إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا جَمْعَهُ وَقُرْءَانَهُ



(Move not your tongue concerning to make haste therewith. It is for Us to collect it and that it be recited.) Ibn `Abbas said, "This means He will collect it in his chest to recite it.



فَإِذَا قَرَأْنَـهُ فَاتَّبِعْ قُرْءَانَهُ



(And when We have recited it to you, then follow its recitation.) meaning, listen to it and pay attention.



ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا بَيَانَهُ



(Then it is for Us to make it clear (to you).) So after this, when Jibril would leave, he would recite it as Jibril had taught him to recite it.'' This has also been recorded by Al-Bukhari and Muslim. Al-Bukhari's wording says, "So whenever Jibril would come to him he would be silent, and when Jibril had left he would recite it just as Allah, the Mighty and Sublime had promised him.''

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